Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands: a retrospective study of 51 cases and review of the literature / Carcinoma mucoepidermoide de glándulas salivales. estudio retrospectivo de 51 casos y revisión de la literatura

The aim of this study is to present the casuistic of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands in patients diagnosed at “Dr. Eduardo Cáceres Graziani” National Institute for Neoplastic Diseases, Lima, Perú. From January 2002 to December 2012, 51 cases were diagnosed as mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The number of female patients was higher, with 28 cases (54.9%), and regarding age distribution, 33.3% of the patients were under 30 years old. Pain was one of the main symptoms, and 74.5% of the mucoepidermoid carcinomas were located in the parotid gland. It is concluded that epidemiology regarding age and gender of the 51 cases analyzed was in the same range as other studies, and that most cases were located in major salivary glands, in agreement with reports on other populations. Other characte ristics showed a homogeneous distribution.

El propósito de este estudio es presentar la casuística del carcinoma mucoepidermoide de glándulas salivales de pacientes diagnosticados en el Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas “Dr. Eduardo Cáceres Graziani” Lima, Perú, desde el 2002 hasta el 2012. Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo en el cual fueron incluidos sujetos con diagnóstico primario de carcinoma mucoepidermoide en glándulas salivales. Entre enero de 2002 y diciembre de 2012, se registraron 51 casos. El número de pacientes de sexo femenino fue mayor, con 28 casos (54,9%) y con respecto a la distribución por edades, el 33,3% de los pacientes eran menores de 30 años de edad. El dolor fue uno de los síntomas principales. El 74,5% de los carcinomas mucoepidermoides se localizaron en la glándula parótida. De los hallazgos obtenidos se concluye principalmente que en lo que respecta a la distribución epidemiológica de edad y género de los 51 casos analizados estas variaron en el mismo rango de otros estudios. También se distingue que el mayor número de casos estuvieron localizados en glándulas salivales mayores, dato en concordancia con otras poblaciones reporta das. Las demás características presentaron una distribución homogénea.

Study of Salivary Gland Neoplasms.

Tumors of the salivary glands are uncommon and they present a great variety of histological types with many structural variation. They have a low incidence and their anatomical relationship especially that of the parotid gland to the facial nerve make their management challenging. The present study was carried out to find out the prevalence of salivary gland neoplasms, to see associated conditions like sialadenitis, sialolithiasis coexisting with salivary gland neoplasms and to do cytohistopathological correlation. Total 96 cases were collected of which 66.7% were benign and 33.3% were malignant. In 81 (84.3%) cases tumors occurred in major salivary gland while 15 (15.6%) cases in minor salivary gland. Among major salivary gland, parotid was the commonest site and in minor salivary glands, palate was the commonest site followed by lips. Pleomorphic adenoma was the commonest benign tumor and adenoid cystic carcinoma was the commonest malignant tumor followed by mucoepidermoid tumor. There was one case of synovial sarcoma. Associated pathology like sialadenitis and sialolithiasis were present in 16 benign and 5 malignant tumors. Cytohistocorrelation was seen in 63 out of 64 (98.4%) benign and 16 out of 18 (88.8%) malignant tumors.

Mioepitelioma intraóseo: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Intraosseous myoepithelioma: report of a case and review of the literature

Durante su formación, remanentes de glándulas salivales pueden quedarse atrapados en diversas partes del cuerpo, incluyendo el maxilar y la mandíbula. Lo siguiente da lugar a proliferaciones neoplásicas de carácter benigno y maligno. El mioepitelioma es una rara neoplasia de glándulas salivales, cuya frecuencia es poco frecuente. Representa aproximadamente el 1.5 por ciento de todos los tumores de glándulas salivales, mayores y menores. Es aún más infrecuente su localización intraósea, siendo reportados en la literatura menos de veinte casos en esta localización. En este artículo se presenta un caso de mioepitelioma, variante epitelioide, de localización intraósea. El mismo fue tratado mediante maxilectomía de infraestructura con márgenes libres de lesión, obteniendo finalmente buenos resultados estéticos y funcionales.

Epidemiological of oral squamous cell carcinoma and salivary gland tumors using international classification of diseases for oncology (a cross-sectional study in Baghdad during the period 1999-2006)

Oral cancer is one of the most debilitating and disfiguring of all malignancies, it is the sixth most frequently occurring cancer, with 274,000 new cases in 2002 worldwide. Two - thirds of them occurring in men. a descriptive cross-sectional study was executed on a sample of 877 of oral squamous cell carcinoma and salivary gland tumors. The data was collected from the medical records of 5 centers in Baghdad [College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Department of Oral Pathology, Specialized Surgical Teaching Hospital; Teaching Laboratories; Al-Wasity Hospital and the Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Hospital]. The diagnosis of individual tumor was based on the World Health Organization latest version of International Classification of Diseases for Oncology [10[th] revision]. The selected tumors were analyzed according to patient's identifying information [age, gender, occupation, address, cancer family history and smoking habit] and tumor site. A total of 877 cases were analyzed [479 male and 398 female with male to female ratio 1.2:1]. The tongue was the most commonly affected site [27.6%], followed by salivary glands [17.1%] and buccal mucosa of cheek [14.7%], The peak onset of selected tumors seen in age group between 40-64 years old [54.3%]. The male was affected more than female and the tongue was the most commonly affected site

Adenoma pleomorfo con localización atípica: presentación de un caso clínico en trígono retromolar / Pleomorphic adenoma with atypical location: report of a clinical case in the retromolar area

Las neoplasias de las glándulas salivales constituyen aproximadamente el 3 por ciento de todos los tumores de cabeza y cuello. La neoplasia más frecuente que involucra tanto a las glándulas salivales mayores como menores es el adenoma pleomorfo. Se presenta con mayor frecuencia en las glándulas parótidas. En glándulas salivales menores, el paladar es el sitio de elección. Es un tumor indoloro, de crecimiento lento. El rango de edad de aparición es entre los 30 y 50 años y es más frecuente en el sexo femenino que el masculino con una relación de 2 a 1. Presentamos un caso clínico de muy baja frecuencia de aparición en cuanto a la localización, en un paciente de sexo femenino de 67 años de edad a la que se le diagnosticó adenoma pleomorfo en la región del trígono retromolar.

Perfil epidemiológico das neoplasias de glândulas salivares diagnosticadas em São Luís-MA / Epidemiologic profile of salivary gland neoplasms diagnosed in São Luís-MA

INTRODUÇÃO E OBJETIVO: As neoplasias de glândulas salivares constituem um grupo de lesões, clínica e morfologicamente diverso, capaz de determinar importantes desafios diagnósticos e terapêuticos. O escopo do trabalho é determinar a frequência relativa e a distribuição das neoplasias de glândulas salivares diagnosticadas no Instituto Maranhense de Oncologia Aldenora Bello (IMOAB). MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Realizou-se estudo retrospectivo dos casos de neoplasia de glândula salivar diagnosticados no IMOAB, no período de janeiro de 1997 a dezembro de 2007. Dados sobre sexo, idade e localização anatômica foram obtidos em prontuários médicos. Cortes histológicos foram avaliados sob microscopia de luz e os casos foram categorizados segundo a classificação da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS)(4). Os dados coletados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados 232 casos, dos quais 178 eram neoplasias benignas (76,7 por cento) e 54 (23,3 por cento), malignas. Os três tipos histológicos mais frequentes foram: adenoma pleomórfico (59,5 por cento), tumor de Warthin (13,8 por cento) e carcinoma adenoide cístico (6,9 por cento). A maioria dos casos foi diagnosticada em pacientes do sexo feminino, com proporção homem:mulher de 1:1,3. As neoplasias benignas e malignas apresentaram picos de incidência na quarta e sétima décadas de vida, respectivamente. Com relação à localização anatômica, 154 casos (66,4 por cento) afetaram a parótida, 43 (18,5 por cento) acometeram a glândula submandibular e 35 (15,1 por cento) envolveram glândulas salivares menores. CONCLUSÃO: Em conjunto com outros estudos, os resultados da presente pesquisa sugerem discretas variações na frequência relativa e distribuição das neoplasias de glândulas salivares entre as populações do Brasil e de outras regiões do mundo.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The salivary gland neoplasms are a clinically and morphologically diverse group of lesions able to determine important diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The objective of this study is to determine the relative frequency and distribution of salivary gland neoplasms diagnosed at Aldenora Bello Institute of Oncology - Maranhão State (Instituto Maranhense de Oncologia Aldenora Bello [IMOAB]). MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was performed a retrospective analysis of the salivary gland neoplasms diagnosed at IMOAB between January 1997 and December 2007. Data regarding gender, age, and anatomic site were retrieved from medical records. Histological slides were evaluated by light microscopy and cases were categorized according to the World Health Organization classification(4). The collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. RESULTS: A total of 232 cases were identified, of which 178 were benign neoplasms (76.7 percent) and 54 (23.3 percent) were malignant. The three most frequent histological types were pleomorphic adenoma (59.5 percent), Warthin's tumor (13.8 percent) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (6.9 percent). Most cases were diagnosed in females, with a male-female ratio of 1:1.3. The benign and malignant neoplasms showed incidence peaks at the 4th and 7th decades of life, respectively. Regarding anatomic site, 154 cases (66.4 percent) affected the parotid gland, 43 (18.5 percent) affected the submandibular gland and 35 (15.1 percent) involved minor salivary glands. CONCLUSION: In association with other studies, the present results suggest slight variations in the relative frequency and distribution of salivary gland neoplasms between Brazilian and worldwide populations.

[Evaluation of Adenoid cystic carcinoma and polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry]

Salivary gland tumors classification continuously undergoes alternations, especially in the recent years. This study used immunohistochemical markers for distinguishing between polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma [PLGA] and adenocarcinoma carcinoma [AdCC] which have several overlapping histological and clinical features. Ten AdCC and eight PLGA with five normal minor salivary glands were selected after review by two oral pathologists. LSAB method was used for seven markers: carcinoembryonic antigen, epithelial membrane antigen, muscle specific actin, vimentin, S 100, P53 and Ki-67. Finally, the data were analyzed by Mann-Whiteny test. Analysis of data showed a high expression of CEA, EMA and Ki-67 in AdCC compared to PLGA. Although, CEA [P<0.001] expression was limited to luminal cells .In contrast, MSA [P=0.034] expression in nonluminal cells, and Ki-67 [P<0.001] occurred in both luminal and nonluminal cells. Also there was highly expression of vimentin and S-100 in PLGA with no significancy for EMA and Tp53. The result of this study suggests that ICH can be a helpful tool. The immunostaining of AdCC and PLGA with CEA, Vimentin and Ki-67 were of greater significant, S-100 and MSA were less significant and the others [EMA and P53] could not offer an adjunctive aid in differential diagnosis between the two tumors

Incidencia de tumores benignos y malignos de glándulas salivales mayores en el Hospital Central de San Luis Potosí / The incidence of benign and malignant tumors of major salivary glands at the San Luis Potosi Central Hospital

Objetivo: se presenta una investigación epidemiológica sobre la incidencia de tumores benignos y malignos de glándulas salivales mayores en el Hospital Central de San Luis Potosí del periodo comprendido de 1996 a 2006. Material y metodos: Los datos fueron obtenidos de los reportes histopatológicos y expedientes clínicos. Los diagnósticos se basaron en la clasificación de tumores de glándulas salivales de la OMS. Resultados: Los casos se dividieron en dos grupos: epiteliales y no epiteliales. El grupo I correspondió al 87 por ciento los tumores benignos fueron más frecuentes (56 por ciento). El 54 por ciento de los tumores se presentaron en mujeres. La época de vida predominante fue la 2da década en los tumores benignos y la 6da en los malignos. La localización más común fue la glándula parótida con 88 por ciento de los tumores benignos y 65 por ciento de los malignos. El adenoma pleomorfo fue el tumor más frecuente (51 por ciento) seguido del Ca. mucoepidermoide (17 por ciento). El 88 por ciento de los casos no presentaron complicaciones postoperatorias; la más frecuente fue la lesión del nervio facial (7 por ciento) en los tumores malignos. El grupo II correspondió al 13 por ciento de los casos, predominando en la parótida (56 por ciento) y siendo más frecuente el hemangioma.

Adenoma pleomórfico en labio superior: relato de un caso / Pleomorphic adenoma of the upper lip: report of a case

El adenoma pleomórfico, también conocido como tumor mixto benigno, es la neoplasia mas común tanto en glándulas salivales mayores como en menores. Suele presentarse como una lesión firme de crecimiento lento y asintomático. En glándulas salivales menores, el sitio preferencial está en el paladar, seguido del labio superior y mucosa yugal. Su diagnostico esta basado en el aspecto histopatológico en que puede ser bastante diversificado. El tratamiento del adenoma consiste en la remoción quirúrgica. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir un caso de adenoma pleomórfico de aproximadamente cuatro centímetros localizado en el labio superior de una paciente del sexo femenino, 68 años, que ha sido tratada por escisión quirúrgica.

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common salivary gland neoplasm in both the major and minor salivary glands. It presents like a solid tumor of slow growth and asymptomatic. On minor salivary glands, the site more often affected is the hard palate, followed by the upper lip and buccal mucosa. The diagnosis is base on the histopathology features that can be very diversificated. Pleomorphic adenoma's treatment consists at surgical excision The aim of this study was to report a case of pleomorphic adenoma, of 4cm in dimension in upper lip of a female patient, 68 years old that was treated by surgical treatment.

Adenoma Pleomórfico é o tumor de glândula salivar mais comum tanto em glândulas maiores como nas menores, apresentando crescimento lento e assintomático. O local preferencial de acometimento, em glândulas salivares menores, é palato duro, seguido pelo lábio superior e mucosa jugal. Seu diagnóstico é baseado nos aspectos histopatológicos que podem se apresentar de forma bastante diversificada. Seu tratamento consiste em excisão cirúrgica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso de adenoma pleomórfico de 4 cm localizado em lábio superior de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 68 anos de idade, que foi tratado cirurgicamente.

Estudo do estado de diferenciação da célula mioepitelial nas neoplasias de glândula salivar / Study of the myoepithelial cell differentiation state in salivary gland tumors

A célula mioepitelial (CM) nos tumores de glândula salivar apresenta-se em diferentes estágios de diferenciação. Sabe-se que em glândula normal ela expressa actina músculo específica (AME) e Citoqueratina (CK) 14. Por outro lado, é conhecida a participação dos componentes de matriz extracelular, dentre eles a laminina (LN), na morfogênese e citodiferenciação das estruturas glandulares. Em vista do exposto, nos propusemos a estudar os diferentes estágios de diferenciação da CM através da expressão da AME, da CK 14, bem como a participação da LN neste processo. Para tanto, utilizamos tumores onde se postulam a participação da CM: adenoma pleomórfico, mioepitelioma, adenoma de células basais e carcinoma adenóide cístico e submetemos os espécimes ao método imunohistoquímico da avidina-biotina. Nossos resultados mostraram que a presença da AME foi rara, assim como a CK 14 que só esteve presente em CM de estruturas ductiformes bem formadas. Já a LN esteve presente junto à CM, independentemente da expressão de CK 14 e de AME, e no estroma tanto de tumores diferenciados, como indiferenciados. Em conclusão, é possível identificar diferentes estágios de diferenciação mioepitelial através da expressão da CK 14 e da AME, mas parece não existir uma correlação da LN com a diferenciação da CM tumoral, pois ou essa ou sua precursora continua a secretar LN, mesmo que imperfeitamente após estímulo oncogênico

Estudo epidemiológico e reclassificação histológica de neoplasias de glândula salivar / Epidemiological study and histological reclassification of salivar gland neoplasms

Objetivando traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes portadores de neoplasia de glândula salivar e reclassificá-la, foram analisados 238 casos, diagnosticados no CIAP/HUOC, entre 1977 e 2003, que deveriam possuir o diagnóstico de neoplasia de glândula salivar e existir no serviço lâmina e/ou o bloco do caso diagnosticado como neoplasia de glândula salivar. Deste total, 154 possuíam a lâmina e/ou o bloco, constituido-se a amostra da reclassificação histológica. Para essa análise, foi ultilizada a classificação da OMS de 1992, para tumores de glândula salivar. Para validar os resultados para a reclassificação, foi ultilizado o critério da análise morfológica das neoplasias por dois examinadores, patologistas bucais...

Tumores de glándulas salivales: su comportamiento en 10 años de trabajo (1993-2002) / The behaviour of salivary gland tumors in a 10-year period

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de 107 pacientes que fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente debido a afecciones en glándulas salivales, durante un período de 10 años, en el Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital Provincial Docente "Manuel Ascunce Domenech" de Camagüey, con el propósito de describir su frecuencia según edad y sexo, comportamiento biológico, localización anatómica y resultado histopatológico. Hubo predominio de las condiciones neoplásicas benignas en la parótida, mientras que en la submandibular se manifestaron con mayor frecuencia los procesos malignos. El adenoma pleomorfo fue el tumor más frecuente entre las neoplasias benignas y el carcinoma mucoepidermoide, el más común entre las malignas(AU)

A descriptive study of 107 patients, who had been surgically treated from salivary gland tumors in the Maxillofacial Surgery Department of "Manuel Ascunce Domenech" provincial teaching hospital located in Camagüey during 10 years, was performed to describe the sex and age distribution and frequency of these tumors, their biological behavior, anatomical location and histopathological outcome. It was observed that benign neoplasias predominated in the parotid glands whereas malignant processes developed more often in submandibular glands. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most found tumor among the benign neoplasias and mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the commonest among the malignant processes(AU)

Cancers of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract in Korea

Cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) constitute 3.5-4% of all malignancies. Since the majority of cases are squamous cell carcinomas which are related with epidemiologic factors, a different pattern of UADT cancer might be present between the Western and Asian populations. We performed a pathology based statistical study on UADT cancers in Korean patients. Cases from Korea Cancer Center Hospital, from January 1, 1988 through December 31, 1998, were subjected to the study. Among 2,842 cases, epithelial malignancies accounted for 87.8%, with squamous cell carcinoma as the major type (76.5%). The larynx was the most commonly affected site (26%), followed by the oral cavity (25.1%), oropharynx (13%), nasopharynx (9%), hypopharynx (8.4%), paranasal sinuses (6.4%), nasal cavity (6%) and salivary glands (6.1%). The percentage of squamous cell carcinoma was highest (98.7%) at the hypopharynx, and lowest at the nasal cavity (42.3%), which showed the most diverse tumor entities. Korean patients with UADT cancers presented with a higher incidence of non-epidermoid malignancy including sarcoma (1.5%) and malignant melanoma (1.4%), and a higher frequency of involvement of the sinonasal tract, compared with the Western patients.

Reclassificaçäo das neoplasias de glândulas salivares / Reclassification of salivary gland neoplasms

Foram reclassificadas 80 neoplasias de glândulas salivares nas disciplinas de Estomatologia e Patologia Bucal da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba - UNESP, correspondentes ao período compreendido entre 1966 e 1997. A reclassificaçäo do diagnóstico histológico inicial baseou-se na Classificaçäo da Organizaçäo Mundial da Saúde (OMS) para Tumores de Glândulas Salivares de 1991. O estudo comparativo do diagnóstico das neoplasias antes e depois da reclassificaçäo (OMS, 1991) revelou que o diagnóstico inicial foi modificado em 15 casos (18,75 por cento). De maior significado clínico foi a constataçäo de que a reclassificaçäo possibilitou verificar alteraçäo do diagnóstico inicial de neoplasia benigna para maligna em 6 casos (40 por cento), fato que determina mudança no planejamento terapêutico, no prognóstico e, por conseguinte, na sobrevida dos pacientes

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands

CONTEXT: Among the cytological and morphological properties of mucoepidermoid carcinoma, one of the most important criteria for measuring its biological behavior and aggressiveness is cell proliferation. In this way, immunohistochemical markers of cell proliferation have been found to be useful in tumor classification and have formed part of the prognostic and therapeutic studies of these pathologies. OBJECTIVE: To analyze 11 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) using the proliferation activity marker (PCNA) and to determine its relationship to the grade of malignancy of these tumors. DESIGN: Correlation study. SETTING: Head and Neck Surgery Service of Heliópolis Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil. SAMPLE: Slides of 11 cases of primary mucoepidermoid carcinomas of salivary glands were prepared according to routine techniques employed in the Oral Pathology Department of the Dentistry Faculty of São Paulo University, Brazil. They were fixed in a 10 percent formaldehyde solution and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. After this preparation the tumors were classified as low, intermediate and high grade of malignancy, according to the criteria established by Seifert & Sobin and Auclair, Goode & Ellis. The slides were sent for immunohistochemical processing to evaluate the positivity of proliferating cell nuclear antigen using the streptavidin biotin technique. MAIN MEASUREMENT: The correlation between proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and the histological malignancy grade in mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands. RESULTS: there were 4 cases (36 percent) of low grade, 4 cases (36 percent) of intermediate grade and 3 cases (27 percet) of high grade of malignancy. After a comparative study between histological features and immunohistochemical analysis, significant differences were observed (P < 0.01) for low, intermediate and high grades: 16.04 percent, 26.98 percet and 56.98 percent of proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in mucoepidermoid carcinoma , respectively. CONCLUSION: The proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression increases with the grade of malignancy in mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands.

Tumores malignos de glándulas salivales / Malignant tumors of salivary glands

Se hace un estudio retrospectivo de tumores de glándulas salivales llegados al Instituo Oncológico del Oriente Boliviano desglosando algunos datos obtenidos de las historias clínicas que pueden ser de interés, así como, la incidencia, relación con tumores benignos, localización y el tipo de tratamiento. Siendo nuestro principal interés el de presentar con este motivo el protocolo de diagnóstico y tratamiento de tumores de glándulas salivales, como guía práctica que nos servirá para evitar conductas erradas, facilitando un diagnóstico temprano y evitando el tiempo perdido

Tumores de glándulas salivales menores: análisis estadístico de 181 casos / Minor salivary glands tumors: a statistical analysis of 181 cases

Los tumores de glándulas salivales, benignos o malignos, presentan diferentes características de acuerdo al tipo histológico, y recientemente se han descrito nuevas variedades, por lo cual hemos revisado los casos del Instituto de Referencia e Patología Oral y destaca que el adenoma pleomorfo fue lejos el más frecuente de los tumores de glándulas salivales menores con un 48,08 por ciento del total, y con un 85,43 por ciento de los benignos. Al mismo tiempo, se aprecia que el resto de las lesiones benignas son significativamente menos frecuentes: cistoadenoma: 4,91 por ciento, cistoadenoma papilar linfomatoso 1,63 por ciento. En lo que se refiere a los tumores malignos, los tumores más frecuentes son el CA mucoepidermoide con un 15,30 por ciento del total, el CA adenoide quístico con un 12,02 por ciento, el adenocarcinoma propiamente tal con un 10,38 por ciento y el adenocarcinoma de células acinosas con un 5,46 por ciento, es significativo el hecho de que el carcinoma adenoide quístico, considerado como un tumor de alto grado de malignidad, constituya un importante porcentaje